Testing Your Site Internet Explorer

I find the Internet Explorer Collections product to be a great facility for testing web page rendering in more than just the default installed version of Internet Explorer. And it is free. You can get it here:

http://finalbuilds.edskes.net/iecollection.htm

I run it on Parallels 3.0 on my OS X Leopard Mac since I do not have a PC.

..... and I still despise Internet Explorer. Give me Firefox or Safari any day.

Setting Terminal Prompt in OS X Leopard

When working with a slew of terminal sessions with each connected to different hosts and as different users, the default terminal prompt in Leopard is useless, and IMHO, dangerous when you are root after doing a 'sudo -s'. As root, it is impossible to tell what host you are on and that is a recipe for disaster.

To customize your terminal prompt in Leopard for regular users and root user, simply add the following line to both ~/.bashrc and ~/.profile:

export PS1="\\u@\\h:\\w\\$ "

Your prompt will now look something like this for regular and root user:

kieran@kieranmacpro:~$ sudo -s

Password:

root@kieranmacpro:~#

Install MySQL 5 on OS X Leopard Server

Introduction

I always prefer to manage my own MySQL installation on OS X Server rather than use the Apple built-in one. Doing so ensures that I use the version of MySQL that I want and I upgrade when it suits me. This article outlines the steps to install MySQL on OS X 10.5 Leopard Server and disable the Apple pre-installed MySQL binaries. This article is an update to an older article I did years ago for older version OS X Server.

Install MySQL

Download the version of MySQL you want from mysql.com. You will want the Mac OS X (package format) downloads. Choose the OS X 10.5 package appropriate to your architecture. For this article, I have chosen mysql-5.0.81-osx10.5-x86.dmg.
Run the mysql package installer.
Do NOT run the MySQLStartupItem installer since using a launchd configuration is more appropriate for Leopard and later versions of OS X.

Configure MySQL 'my.cnf' Before First-time Start

MySQL does not run in an optimal way with default configuration settings. It is very important to configure MySQL appropriate to the planned memory usage.
Also, some options, such as innodb_log_file_size cannot be changed after MySQL has initialized innodb files on disk without going through a special complicated procedure, so that is why we will configure options before we start MySQL for the first time to make your life easy.
Don't worry about perfection. Any configuration you do will probably be magnitudes better than the default settings. So, do not skip this step!
Configuring MySQL is easy. You simply put all the configuration options in a properties file at /etc/my.cnf which is automatically read by MySQL at startup. The primary things I am concerned with when I create a MySQL configuration file are:

• Amount of real memory I want available to MySQL


• Use of InnoDB transactional database engine instead of default MyISAM engine. The default is suitable for logging and huge lookup tables. InnoDB provides transactions and ability to rollback a transaction when one statement fails. InnoDB is ideal for WebObjects development. MyISAM is not!

On the machine that I am configuring for this article, which is a Mac Mini used for demonstration of apps to clients, I have 2GB RAM, so I am going to give about 512MB to MySQL.
Here is the configuration for this scenario. Use this as a guide for minimal settings for a new MySQL installation. This minimal configuration should work on any machine with 2GB+ RAM

# Basic minimal /etc/my.cnf config for a 2GB RAM Mac Mini
# running MySQL 5.0+ and WebObjects on OS X
# The following settings result in about 512MB of Real Memory usage by MySQL

[mysqld]
# ======= BEGIN GLOBAL SETTINGS =============

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

# This variable should be as big as the biggest BLOB value we plan to use
max_allowed_packet = 20M

# The max number of opened tables for all threads
table_cache = 256

# This is buffer allocated by threads for sorting. Improves performance
# of ORDER BY and GROUP BY operations
sort_buffer_size = 16M

# This is a buffer used for sequential table scans (I guess where an index
# is not used for a search ... may help scans that create new indexes aswell KK 05092005)
read_buffer_size = 20M

# Number of threads to keep available for use
# Not really important for our situation where we use applications with persistent connections
# For a dedicated mysql server, 8 at least is recommended.
thread_cache_size = 4

# No query cache since we already use EOF in WebObjects
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_size = 0

# New tables are innodb unless specified otherwise (Before MySQL 4.1.2 use default-table-type)
default-storage-engine=innodb


# ======= BEGIN MYISAM SETTINGS ===================================================

# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
# Ideally key_buffer (aka key_buffer_size) should be as large as we can afford and
# ideally should be equal to the sum of all .MYI files' sizes.
# This is one of the most important performance tuning variables for queries that use indexes
key_buffer_size = 64M

# Buffer for REPAIR TABLE or CREATE INDEX operations on MyISAM tables
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M

# ======= BEGIN INNODB SETTINGS ===================================================
# Create a separate idb file per table
innodb_file_per_table

# Buffer for innodb index and table cache performance - important!
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 364M

# MySQL creates 2 files on disk using this setting - important!
# Changing this after the first start requires a special procedure!
innodb_log_file_size = 128M

innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

# Rollback the full transaction on timeout. Need this in MySQL 5.0+
innodb_rollback_on_timeout

See the mysql documentation for lots of additional features you can enable with the my.cnf file entries.
Put the above into a file at /etc/my.cnf

Configure MySQL to Always Run with launchd

Next let's install a launchd task that will ensure mysql is always running.
Create a text file named 'com.mysql.MySQL.plist' with the following contents:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
 <key>Label</key>
 <string>com.mysql.MySQL</string>
 <key>OnDemand</key>
 <false/>
 <key>ProgramArguments</key>
 <array>
  <string>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe</string>
 </array>
 <key>ServiceDescription</key>
 <string>Mysql Database Server</string>
 <key>UserName</key>
 <string>mysql</string>
 <key>WorkingDirectory</key>
 <string>/usr/local/mysql</string>
</dict>
</plist>

Put that text file in /Library/LaunchDaemons directory. (You will need sudo privileges to do this)
Then simply load this launchd task using the command

launchctl load com.mysql.MySQL.plist

MySQL should now have started.

MySQL Security Tasks

The default installation has a root user with no password, so we have to set a password for root to protect our server.
Type this in the terminal:

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

If this is first time install, log in as root and set a password

./mysql -u root -p

Just hit return when prompted for a password the first time since no root password has been set.
At the mysql prompt, type the following replacing password with your password:

grant all on *.* to root@localhost identified by 'password' with grant option;

now type:

exit

and test the login again with the password

./mysql -u root -p

enter the password you set for the mysql root user when prompted.
Next we need to delete the 'anonymous' user that usually exists by default in MySQL
After logging in as root, do the following

use mysql;
delete from user where user = '';
flush privileges;

OS X Server Binary Path Configuration

The next thing we need to do is configure our command path so that we refer to the mysql binaries that we installed and not the preinstalled Apple binaries.
Using pico or similar, open and edit /etc/profile so that the path variable has /usr/local/mysql/bin pre-pended as the first element of the path. Simply add the following lines to the end of the existing file:

PATH="/usr/local/mysql/bin:"${PATH}
export PATH

For added robustness, you may delete all Apple preinstalled mysql binaries like this:

$ cd /usr/bin
$ sudo rm mysql*
$ sudo rm myisam*

And that is it. You are done and mysql is running and set to automatically run at all times.

Troubleshooting ssh key-pair authentication

So that "future me" never forgets to do this first when a newly configured ssh key-pair authentication does not work and I keep getting asked for a password ... use the -v option in the ssh command to get a verbose output and see exactly at what point the authentication is failing. Really this can solve the problem in two minutes flat.

ssh -v user@remotehost

JavaXML Framework and Axis Versions

According to Pierre Frisch on the webobjects-dev mailing list:

"JavaXML is a convenience so that you can deploy easily. there is no specific WO code in there and it can easily be replaced by its components. Be careful about Axis, WO 5.2.x works with Axis 1.0, WO 5.3.x with Axis 1.1 and WO 5.4.x with Axis 1.4. Any other combination is known NOT to work without serious hacking."

This is good to know. Now you can make your own JavaXML framework with whatever versions of stuff you want in there.

svn externals usage

I have a Foundation framework that uses com.webobjects.foundation classes, apache commons lang and a few other non-WebObjects libraries and utility classes (Separation of Concerns, etc.) I use WO 5.3.3, so without including project WOnder's ERExtensions, I don't get the benefit of generic foundations classes for NSArray, NSDictionary, etc. As I added some utility methods today in the framework, I decided to use svn externals to pick up the genericized foundation classes directly from Wonder HEAD.

This was simple to do.

I created a com.webobjects package in my Sources directory and added the following svn property to the webobjects directory:

name: svn:externals

value: foundation http://wonder.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/wonder/trunk/Wonder/Frameworks/Core/ERExtensions/Sources/com/webobjects/foundation

Note that is a space between foundation and the http url and that is all on one line of text. With svn:externals you can add multiple lines to pull in multiple external sources into your working copy.

I originally tried added a svn:externals property to the Sources directory itself with a left-hand-side of com/webobjects/foundation, which according to the svn book should work, but Subclipse was getting confused and freaking out when trying to commit saying that webobjects directory did not exist in repository.

Use ERXStyleSheet for CSS Stylesheets

Use Wonder's ERXStyleSheet reusable WOComponent for all your CSS stylesheet needs, even static ones served from your webserver root. This ensures that your changes during development are instantly reflected even for static ones saving you the need to do other fiddling to stop the browser caching your static stylesheets in development.

Example usage for a static stylesheet:

<wo:ERXStyleSheet href = "/lcwr/css/wkgeneric.css" />

For stylesheets in your application's WebServerResources, use it like this:

<wo:ERXStyleSheet filename = "wkgeneric.css" />

For stylesheets in a framework's WebServerResources, use it like this:

<wo:ERXStyleSheet filename = "wkgeneric.css" framework = "MyFramework" />

For dynamic stylesheet generation, you can put styles in the component content and a stylesheet will be dynamically generated, cached and delivered for you. Use this when you want dynamic styles for different users or branding for example. See the javadoc to understand usage of the cache key.

<wo:ERXStyleSheet key = "developmentgrid">

#bd {

background-color: none;

background: url(/lcwr/css/src/grid.png);

}

wo:ERXStyleSheet>

As always, Wonder provides the fast easy way to Get Things Done™